What is defined as a wrong committed against a person or their property?

The correct choice is defined as a tort, which refers to a civil wrong that causes harm or loss to an individual or their property. Torts can encompass a wide range of actions, including physical harm, emotional distress, or damage to property. The law allows the injured party to seek compensation for the injuries suffered due to the tortious act.

Torts are broadly categorized into two main types: intentional torts, where the harm is deliberate (like assault or defamation), and unintentional torts, often referred to as negligence, where harm results from an individual's failure to exercise reasonable care. This distinction is important in understanding the nature of legal claims and the obligations individuals have towards each other in society.

The other terms relate specifically to aspects of wrongdoing or negligence but do not fully encompass the broader definition of a tort. For example, liability refers to legal responsibility for one's actions, often a consequence of committing a tort rather than the definition itself. Malpractice specifically pertains to professional negligence that results in harm to a patient, typically in the medical field, while negligence generally refers to a failure to take proper care, leading to unintended harm to a person or property.