What ethical issue arises with genetic testing?

The ethical issue surrounding genetic testing primarily involves patient confidentiality and discrimination. This concern arises because genetic information is highly sensitive and personal. Patients who undergo genetic testing might fear that their results could be shared without their consent, potentially leading to breaches of privacy. This information could also be misused, leading to discrimination in various areas, such as employment, insurance, or even personal relationships.

For instance, if employers or insurance companies gain access to an individual’s genetic information, there is a risk that they could discriminate against the individual based on the likelihood of developing certain genetic conditions. As a result, protecting the confidentiality of genetic testing results is critical to maintain trust in the medical profession and uphold individuals' rights.

While informed consent is indeed an important aspect when it comes to genetic testing, it is just one part of a broader topic regarding patient autonomy and rights. Access to healthcare services and the cost-effectiveness of testing are related issues but do not specifically capture the central ethical dilemmas of confidentiality and potential discrimination. Thus, the focus on patient confidentiality and discrimination best encapsulates the profound ethical concerns associated with genetic testing.