What do "do not resuscitate" (DNR) orders signify?

"Do not resuscitate" (DNR) orders signify that a patient has made a clear choice to refuse cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or advanced cardiac life support in the event of a cardiac arrest. This decision is typically made after the patient has been informed about the implications of such an order, and it reflects their wishes regarding their care during a medical emergency when their heart or breathing stops.

DNR orders are part of a broader spectrum of advance care planning that allows patients to communicate their preferences for end-of-life care. The order is crucial because it guides healthcare providers in delivering care that aligns with the patient’s values and wishes, especially when the patient is no longer able to express them. Understanding this order is essential in medical ethics as it emphasizes respect for patient autonomy and informed consent.

The other options provided do not accurately reflect what a DNR order entails; for instance, a patient wishing to receive all forms of life support directly contradicts the principle of a DNR. Similarly, while designating a primary decision-maker or completing an advance directive are important aspects of healthcare planning, they do not specifically pertain to the implications of a DNR order itself.